Climate Extremes
Patterns and Mechanisms
Geophysical Monograph Series (Band Nr. 226)
1. Auflage August 2017
400 Seiten, Hardcover
Wiley & Sons Ltd
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Over a half century of exploration of the Earth's space environment, it has become evident that the interaction between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere plays a dominant role in the evolution and dynamics of magnetospheric plasmas and fields. Interestingly, it was recently discovered that this same interaction is of fundamental importance at other planets and moons throughout the solar system. Based on papers presented at an interdisciplinary AGU Chapman Conference at Yosemite National Park in February 2014, this volume provides an intellectual and visual journey through our exploration and discovery of the paradigm-changing role that the ionosphere plays in determining the filling and dynamics of Earth and planetary environments. The 2014 Chapman conference marks the 40th anniversary of the initial magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling conference at Yosemite in 1974, and thus gives a four decade perspective of the progress of space science research in understanding these fundamental coupling processes. Digital video links to an online archive containing both the 1974 and 2014 meetings are presented throughout this volume for use as an historical resource by the international heliophysics and planetary science communities.
Topics covered in this volume include:
* Ionosphere as a source of magnetospheric plasma
* Effects of the low energy ionospheric plasma on the stability and creation of the more energetic plasmas
* The unified global modeling of the ionosphere and magnetosphere at the Earth and other planets
* New knowledge of these coupled interactions for heliophysicists and planetary scientists, with a cross-disciplinary approach involving advanced measurement and modeling techniques
Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Solar System is a valuable resource for researchers in the fields of space and planetary science, atmospheric science, space physics, astronomy, and geophysics.
Read an interview with the editors to find out more:
https://eos.org/editors-vox/filling-earths-space-environment-from-the-sun-or-the-earth
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Part I: Forcings of Climate Extremes
1 The Changing El Nino-Southern Oscillation and Associated Climate Extremes
Jin?-Yi Yu, Xin Wang, Song Yang, Houk Paek, and Mengyan Chen 3
2 Weather Extremes Linked to Interaction of the Arctic and Midlatitudes
Timo Vihma 39
3 Impact of Aerosols on Regional Changes in Climate Extremes
Jana Sillmann and Jinho Yoon 51
4 Weakened Flow, Persistent Circulation, and Prolonged Weather Extremes in Boreal Summer
Dim Coumou, Kai Kornhuber, Jascha Lehmann, and Vladimir Petoukhov 61
5 Land Processes as the Forcing of Extremes: A Review
Min?-Hui Lo, Tzu?-Hsien Kuo, Hao?]Wei Wey, Chia?-Wei Lan, and Jen?-Ping Chen 75
Part II: Processes of Climate Extremes
6 Timing of Anthropogenic Emergence in Climate Extremes
Andrew D. King, Markus G. Donat, Ed Hawkins, and David J. Karoly 95
7 Recent Increases in Extreme Temperature Occurrence over Land
Scott J. Weaver, Arun Kumar, and Mingyue Chen 105
8 Why Future Shifts in Tropical Precipitation Will Likely Be Small: The Location of the Tropical Rain Belt and the Hemispheric Contrast of Energy Input to the Atmosphere
Aaron Donohoe and Aiko Voigt 115
9 Weather?]Climate Interactions and MJO Influences
Paul E. Roundy, Naoko Sakaeda, Kyle MacRitchie, and Lawrence Gloeckler 139
10 Recent Climate Extremes Associated with the West Pacific Warming Mode
Chris Funk and Andrew Hoell 165
11 Connections Between Heat Waves and Circumglobal Teleconnection Patterns in the Northern Hemisphere Summer
Haiyan Teng and Grant Branstator 177
Part III: Regional Climate Extremes
12 North American Drought and Links to Northern Eurasia: The Role of Stationary Rossby Waves
Hailan Wang, Siegfried D. Schubert, and Randal D. Koster 197
13 The California Drought: Trends and Impacts
Shih?]Yu (Simon) Wang, Jinho Yoon, Robert R. Gillies, and Huang?-Hsiung Hsu 223
14 Observed Trends in US Tornado Frequency
Adam J. Clark 237
15 Mechanisms Explaining Recent Changes in Australian Climate Extremes
Sophie C. Lewis, David J. Karoly, Andrew D. King, Sarah E. Perkins, and Markus G. Donat 249
16 Unraveling East Africa's Climate Paradox
Bradfield Lyon and Nicolas Vigaud 265
17 A Physical Model for Extreme Drought over Southwest Asia
Andrew Hoell, Chris Funk, Mathew Barlow, and Forest Cannon 283
Part IV: Prediction of Climate Extremes
18 Extratropical Precursors of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation
Kathy V. Pegion and Christopher Selman 301
19 North Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Prediction: Underlying Science and an Evaluation of Statistical Models
Philip J. Klotzbach, Mark A. Saunders, Gerald D. Bell, and Eric S. Blake 315
20 Predicting Subseasonal Precipitation Variations Based on the Madden?]Julian Oscillation
Charles Jones 329
21 Prediction of Short?]Term Climate Extremes with a Multimodel Ensemble
Emily J. Becker 347
22 Toward Predicting US Tornadoes in the Late 21st Century
Adam J. Clark 361
Index 371
Jin-Ho Yoon, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea
Christopher C. Funk, United States Geological Survey, USA
Robert R. Gillies, Utah State University, US
