| | Contents | |
| | | |
| |
| 1 | Introduction | 1 |
| 1.1 | History | 1 |
| 1.2 | Definition | 2 |
| 1.3 | Physiological Importance | 2 |
| 1.4 | Natural, Nature-identical, and Artificial Products | 3 |
| 1.5 | Sensory Properties and Structure | 3 |
| 1.6 | Volatility | 4 |
| 1.7 | Threshold Concentration | 4 |
| 1.8 | Odor Description | 4 |
| 2 | Individual Fragrance and Flavor Materials | 7 |
| 2.1 | Aliphatic Compounds | 8 |
| 2.1.1 | Hydrocarbons | 8 |
| 2.1.2 | Alcohols | 9 |
| 2.1.3 | Aldehydes and Acetals | 12 |
| 2.1.4 | Ketones | 17 |
| 2.1.5 | Acids and Esters | 18 |
| 2.1.6 | Miscellaneous Compounds | 24 |
| 2.2 | Acyclic Terpenes | 27 |
| 2.2.1 | Hydrocarbons | 27 |
| 2.2.2 | Alcohols | 27 |
| 2.2.3 | Aldehydes and Acetals | 38 |
| 2.2.4 | Ketones | 44 |
| 2.2.5 | Acids and Esters | 45 |
| 2.2.6 | Miscellaneous Compounds | 49 |
| 2.3 | Cyclic Terpenes | 51 |
| 2.3.1 | Hydrocarbons | 51 |
| 2.3.2 | Alcohols and Ethers | 54 |
| 2.3.3 | Aldehydes and Ketones | 62 |
| 2.3.4 | Esters | 73 |
| 2.3.5 | Miscellaneous Compounds | 79 |
| 2.4 | Other Cycloaliphatic Compounds | 80 |
| 2.4.1 | Alcohols and Ethers | 81 |
| 2.4.2 | Aldehydes | 87 |
| 2.4.3 | Ketones | 90 |
| 2.4.4 | Esters | 99 |
| 2.4.5 | Miscellaneous Compounds | 104 |
| 2.5 | Aromatic Compounds | 105 |
| 2.5.1 | Hydrocarbons | 105 |
| 2.5.2 | Alcohols and Ethers | 105 |
| 2.5.3 | Aldehydes and Acetals | 111 |
| 2.5.4 | Ketones | 119 |
| 2.5.5 | Esters of Araliphatic Alcohols and Aliphatic Acids | 124 |
| 2.5.6 | Aromatic Acids | 127 |
| 2.5.7 | Esters Derived from Aromatic and Araliphatic Acids | 127 |
| 2.5.8 | Miscellaneous Compounds | 130 |
| 2.6 | Phenols and Phenol Derivatives | 132 |
| 2.6.1 | Phenols, Phenyl Esters, and Phenyl Ethers | 132 |
| 2.6.2 | Phenol Alcohols and their Esters | 139 |
| 2.6.3 | Phenol Aldehydes | 140 |
| 2.6.4 | Phenol Ketones | 145 |
| 2.6.5 | Phenolcarboxylates | 146 |
| 2.7 | O-, O,S- and S,S-Heterocycles | 149 |
| 2.7.1 | Cyclic Ethers | 149 |
| 2.7.2 | Lactones | 162 |
| 2.7.3 | Glycidates | 171 |
| 2.7.4 | Miscellaneous Compounds | 172 |
| 2.8 | N- and N,S-Heterocycles | 172 |
| 3 | Natural Raw Materials in the Flavor and Fragrance Industry | 177 |
| 3.1 | Introduction | 177 |
| 3.2 | Isolation of Natural Fragrance and Flavor Concentrates | 178 |
| 3.2.1 | Essential Oils | 179 |
| 3.2.2 | Extracts | 180 |
| 3.3 | Survey of Natural Raw Materials | 181 |
| 4 | Analytical Methods/Quality Control | 239 |
| 5 | Safety Evaluation and Legal Aspects | 241 |
| 5.1 | Flavoring Substances | 241 |
| 5.2 | Fragrance Materials | 242 |
| 6 | References | 245 |
| | Formula Index: CAS Registry Number Index | 289 |
| | Subject index | 305 |
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