| | Contents | |
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| 1 | Laser Isotope Separation in Atomic Vapors | 1 |
| 1.1 | Introduction | 1 |
| 1.2 | Brief Description of the AVLIS Process as Applied to Uranium | 3 |
| 1.3 | General Description of the AVLIS Process | 4 |
| 1.4 | Theoretical Description of the AVLIS Process | 6 |
| 1.4.1 | Theoretical Description of the Method for Incoherent Interaction Between Radiation and Atoms | 7 |
| 1.4.2 | Features of Coherent Two-Photon Excitation | 9 |
| 1.4.3 | Evaporation of Separated Material, Collimation of an Atomic Beam, and Ion Extraction | 10 |
| 1.5 | Photochemical Laser Isotope Separation in Atomic Vapors | 13 |
| 1.6 | Other Methods of Isotope Separation | 15 |
| 2 | Laser Technique for Isotope Separation | 17 |
| 2.1 | Introduction | 17 |
| 2.2 | General Requirements for a Laser System in the AVLIS Process | 18 |
| 2.3 | Laser Complex | 21 |
| 2.3.1 | Pumping Lasers | 21 |
| 2.3.2 | Tunable Lasers | 25 |
| 2.4 | Complexes for Laser Isotope Separation | 26 |
| 3 | Chemical Reactions of Atoms in Excited States | 39 |
| 3.1 | General View of Photochemical Reactions | 39 |
| 3.2 | Experimental Study of Photochemical Reactions Between Atoms and Molecules | 42 |
| 3.3 | Collisional Quenching of Excited Atomic States by Molecules | 46 |
| 3.4 | Resonance Transfer of Excitation in Collisions | 48 |
| 3.5 | Collisional Processes with Rydberg Atoms | 51 |
| 3.6 | Isotope Exchange Reactions | 55 |
| 3.7 | Radical Reactions in Collisions | 57 |
| 4 | Isotope Separation by Single-Photon Isotope-Selective Excitation of Atom | 59 |
| 4.1 | Description of the Method | 59 |
| 4.2 | Mathematical Model of the Method | 61 |
| 4.3 | Calculation Results on Isotope-Selective Excitation of Zinc Atoms | 66 |
| 4.3.1 | Transversal Gas Circulation | 67 |
| 4.3.2 | Longitudinal Gas Circulation | 70 |
| 4.4 | Output Parameters Versus the Detuning of Radiation Frequency | 71 |
| 4.5 | Influence of the Radiation Line Profile on Output Characteristics of the Separation Process | 74 |
| 4.6 | Experiments on Laser Separation of Zn Isotopes by the Photochemical Method | 78 |
| 4.7 | Experiments on Laser Separation of Rubidium Isotopes by the Photochemical Method | 85 |
| 5 | Coherent Isotope-Selective Two-Photon Excitation of Atoms | 91 |
| 5.1 | Brief Description of Two-Photon Excitation and the Mathematical Model | 91 |
| 5.2 | Two-Photon Excitation of Led Atoms | 93 |
| 5.3 | Two-Photon Excitation of Boron and Silica Atoms | 95 |
| 5.4 | Photochemical Separation of Zinc Isotopes by Means of the Two-Photon Excitation | 101 |
| 5.4.1 | Description of the Method | 101 |
| 5.4.2 | Polarization of Radiation | 103 |
| 5.4.3 | Mathematical Model of Cascade Superluminescence | 105 |
| 5.4.4 | Calculation Results | 108 |
| 5.4.5 | Experimental Results | 111 |
| 5.5 | Zinc Isotope Separation by Evaporating Material from Chamber Walls | 115 |
| 5.5.1 | Problem Statement | 115 |
| 5.5.2 | Physical Analysis | 118 |
| 5.5.3 | Calculation Results and Their Analysis | 124 |
| 5.5.4 | Influence of Diffusion Processes on the Selectivity of Isotope Separation | 127 |
| 6 | Prospects for Industrial Isotope Production by Methods of Laser Isotope Separation | 131 |
| 6.1 | Microelectronics and Optoelectronics | 133 |
| 6.2 | Nuclear Fuel Cycle | 135 |
| 6.3 | Medicine and Biology | 138 |
| 7 | Appendix A: Mathematical Description of the Processes Based on Kinetic Equations | 139 |
| 8 | Appendix B: Operation Features of Copper-Vapor Laser Complexes | 141 |
| 8.1 | Specificity of Creating the Complexes of Copper-Vapor Lasers | 141 |
| 8.1.1 | Specificity of Measuring Laser Radiation Parameters in CVL Complexes | 147 |
| 9 | Appendix C: Physical and Technical Problems of Increasing the Power of Copper-Vapor Lasers | 151 |
| 10 | Appendix D: Neutron Transmutation Doping of Silica | 167 |
| 11 | Appendix E: Employment of Boron Isotopes in Microelectronics | 171 |
| 12 | Appendix F: Employment of Boron in Nuclear Fuel Cycle Equipment | 173 |
| | References | 177 |
| | Subject Index | 185 |
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