Mount Sinai Expert Guides

Contributors ix

Series Foreword xvi

Preface xvii

Abbreviations xviii

About the Companion Website xxiv

Part 1: Basic Techniques and Procedures 1
Section Editor: John M. Oropello

1 Airway Management 3
Michael Kitz

2 Sedation and Analgesia 10
Colin J. Sheehan and Michael Kitz

3 Vascular Access 17
Jennifer Wang and John M. Oropello

4 Bedside Ultrasound 26
Daisi Choi and John M. Oropello

5 Bronchoscopy 37
Moses Bachan and Zinobia Khan

6 Bedside Percutaneous Dilational Tracheostomy 42
George Coritsidis and Viren Kaul

7 Nutritional Support and Total Parenteral Nutrition 49
Rohit R. Gupta and Roopa Kohli-Seth

8 Glycemic Control 55
Amira Mohamed and Adel Bassily-Marcus

9 Prevention of Complications 62
Anthony R. Manasia and Nidhi Kavi

10 Palliative Care 68
Umesh K. Gidwani and Nidhi Kavi

Part 2: Cardiovascular Critical Care 73
Section Editor: Umesh K. Gidwani

11 Hemodynamic Monitoring 75
Josue Rivera and Leila Hosseinian

12 Vasoactive Drugs 82
Ajay S. Vaidya and Umesh K. Gidwani

13 Mechanical Circulatory Support 89
Natasha Pradhan, Tim Hinohara, and Umesh K. Gidwani

14 Acute Hypertensive and Aortic Syndromes 102
Gregory W. Serrao and Umesh K. Gidwani

15 Cardiac Arrhythmias 108
Jorge Gonzalez-Panizo and Jacob S. Koruth

16 Acute Coronary Syndromes 123
Matthew Katz and Umesh K. Gidwani

17 Heart Failure Management 139
Raymond E. Bietry

18 Shock Syndromes 148
Radha S. Gopalan and Ewelina Wojtaszek

19 Cardiac Arrest 159
Eyal Herzog, Lee Herzog, Emad F. Aziz, and Stephan A. Mayer

Part 3: Pulmonary Critical Care 167
Section Editor: Hassan Khouli

20 Respiratory Monitoring 169
Ismini Kourouni, Edward Eden, and Janet M. Shapiro

21 Mechanical Ventilatory Support 184
Nisha Kotecha, Mark Collazo, and Kamal Medlej

22 Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation 194
Anirban Basu, Raymonde Jean, and Fulvia Milite

23 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 203
Bashar M. Mourad and Keith M. Rose

24 Bronchospasm and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 216
Karishma Parekh and E. Mirna Mohanraj

25 Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation 231
Steven Chakupurakal and John Cardasis

Part 4: Neurologic Critical Care 241
Section Editor: Stephan A. Mayer

26 Delirium 243
Anil Ramineni and Neha Dangayach

27 Stroke 250
Irene R. Boniece

28 Neurotrauma 265
Zachary L. Hickman and Konstantinos Margetis

29 Status Epilepticus 275
Jiyeoun Yoo

30 Intracranial Pressure and Neuromonitoring 284
Pavis Laengvejkal and Stephan A. Mayer

31 Coma and Brain Death 293
Errol Gordon and Stephan A. Mayer

32 Toxicology and Drug Reactions 299
Neha N. Goel, Stephanie Hernandez, and Lisa Rho

Part 5: Surgical Critical Care 309
Section Editor: Adel Basilly-Marcus

33 Gastrointestinal Bleeding 311
Alisan Fathalizadeh and Pak Shan Leung

34 Acute Abdomen and Abdominal Sepsis 321
Onaona U. Gurney and Leon D. Boudourakis

35 Abdominal Compartment Syndrome 326
Leon D. Boudourakis and Onaona U. Gurney

36 Acute Mesenteric Ischemia 330
Rami O. Tadros and Chien Yi M. Png

37 Surgical Trauma 337
Eric S. Weiss and Pak Shan Leung

38 Burns 347
Eric S. Weiss and Pak Shan Leung

39 Acute Hepatic Failure 359
Sreeparna Ghosh and Adel Bassily-Marcus

40 Abdominal Organ Transplantation 365
Parissa Tabrizian, Kiumars Ranjbar Tabar, Ron Shapiro, Kishore R. Iyer, and Sander Florman

41 Obstetric Emergencies 377
Zachary D. Kuschner and Adel Bassily-Marcus

Part 6: Infectious Diseases 387
Section Editor: Janet M. Shapiro

42 The Febrile Patient 389
Gagangeet Sandhu

43 Sepsis 402
Danish S. Malik, Gabriela Bambrick-Santoyo, Karen McKenna, Rachael Schneider, and Richard Lee

44 Infections Acquired in the Intensive Care Unit 414
James S. Salonia and Andre Sotelo

45 Antimicrobial Therapy 429
Steven B. Levy, Alejandro Díaz Chávez, and Amy S. Rosenberg

46 Pneumonia 449
David Young and Joseph P. Mathew

47 Central Nervous System Infections 463
Susannah L. Kurtz, Swathi Sangli, and Rupendra Swarup

48 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 480
Sudhir Dudekonda and Gopal Narayanswami

Part 7: Renal Disorders 491
Section Editor: Paru Patrawalla

49 Fluid Resuscitation 493
Navitha Ramesh and Alexandra Adams

50 Acute Kidney Injury 500
Angela M. Love, Adam Rothman, and Alfredo Astua

51 Dialysis 507
Lina Miyakawa, Michael Bergman, and Vikram Dhawan

52 Electrolyte Disorders 513
Eric E. Bondarsky, Aloke Chakravarti, and Paru S. Patrawalla

53 Acid-Base Disorders 537
Michael Bergman, Lina Miyakawa, and Young Im Lee

Part 8: Hematology and Oncology 543
Section Editor: Hooman Poor

54 Blood Products and Transfusions 545
Matthew Durst and Hooman Poor

55 Anticoagulation-Related Bleeding 552
Vaishnavi Kundel and Lisa Richman

56 Coagulopathy and Thrombocytopenia 561
Robert J. T. Hiensch and Alison Lee

57 Venous Thromboembolism and Pulmonary Embolism 575
Nan Li and Hooman Poor

58 Oncologic Emergencies 586
Catherine L. Oberg and Glen B. Chun

Index 596

EDITED BY

STEPHAN A. MAYER, MD, FCCM, FNCS Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery, New York Medical College; Director, Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Westchester Medical Center Health Network, Valhalla, NY, USA

JANET M. SHAPIRO, MD, FCCP Professor of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Interim Chief, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai Morningside, New York, NY, USA

UMESH K. GIDWANI, MD, MS, FACC, FCCM, FCCP Associate Professor of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Chief, Cardiac Critical Care, Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute; Director, Patient Safety and Quality Institute for Critical Care Medicine, New York, NY, USA

JOHN M. OROPELLO, MD Professor of Surgery and Medicine; Program Director, Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Institute for Critical Care Medicine, New York, NY, USA

SERIES EDITOR

Scott L. Friedman, MD Fishberg Professor of Medicine; Dean for Therapeutic Discovery; Chief, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA