Problem Solving in Enzyme Biocatalysis
1. Auflage Dezember 2013
344 Seiten, Hardcover
Wiley & Sons Ltd
Kurzbeschreibung
The fast-growing area of enzyme biocatalysis is expanding from its traditional fields to more sophisticated uses in pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, and environmental management. With a focus on problem solving, each of Problem Solving in Enzyme Biocatalysis's chapters provides abridged coverage of various subjects, and features solved problems illustrating resolution procedures and the main concepts underlying them, plus supplementary questions and answers. Based on more than 50 years of teaching experience, this book is suitable for chemical and biochemical engineering students, as well as biochemists and chemists dealing with bioprocesses.
Enzyme biocatalysis is a fast-growing area in process biotechnology that has expanded from the traditional fields of foods, detergents, and leather applications to more sophisticated uses in the pharmaceutical and fine-chemicals sectors and environmental management. Conventional applications of industrial enzymes are expected to grow, with major opportunities in the detergent and animal feed sectors, and new uses in biofuel production and human and animal therapy.
In order to design more efficient enzyme reactors and evaluate performance properly, sound mathematical expressions must be developed which consider enzyme kinetics, material balances, and eventual mass transfer limitations. With a focus on problem solving, each chapter provides abridged coverage of the subject, followed by a number of solved problems illustrating resolution procedures and the main concepts underlying them, plus supplementary questions and answers.
Based on more than 50 years of teaching experience, Problem Solving in Enzyme Biocatalysis is a unique reference for students of chemical and biochemical engineering, as well as biochemists and chemists dealing with bioprocesses.
Contains: Enzyme properties and applications; enzyme kinetics; enzyme reactor design and operation 146 worked problems and solutions in enzyme biocatalysis.
Nomenclature xi
Epsilon Software Information xxi
1 Facts and Figures in Enzyme Biocatalysis 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Enzymes as Process Catalysts 3
1.3 Evolution of Enzyme Biocatalysis: From Hydrolysis to Synthesis 5
1.4 The Enzyme Market: Figures and Outlook 6
References 7
2 Enzyme Kinetics in a Homogeneous System 11
2.1 Introduction 11
2.2 Theory of Enzyme Kinetics 14
2.3 Single-Substrate Reactions 17
2.4 Multiple-Substrate Reactions 19
2.5 Multiple-Enzyme Reactions 21
2.6 Determination of Kinetic Parameters 22
2.7 Effects of Operational Variables on Enzyme Kinetics 24
Solved Problems 29
Supplementary Problems 72
References 84
3 Enzyme Kinetics in a Heterogeneous System 87
3.1 Introduction 87
3.2 Immobilization of Enzymes 87
3.3 Mass-Transfer Limitations in Enzyme Catalysis 92
3.4 Determination of Intrinsic Kinetic and Mass-Transfer Parameters 102
Solved Problems 105
Supplementary Problems 127
References 138
4 Enzyme Reactor Design and Operation under Ideal Conditions 141
4.1 Modes of Operation and Reactor Configurations 141
4.2 Definition of Ideal Conditions 142
4.3 Strategy for Reactor Design and Performance Evaluation 143
4.4 Mathematical Models for Enzyme Kinetics, Modes of Operation, and Reactor Configurations under Ideal Conditions 143
Solved Problems 157
Supplementary Problems 174
References 179
5 Enzyme Reactor Design and Operation under Mass-Transfer Limitations 181
5.1 Sequential Batch and Continuously Operated Reactors with Immobilized Enzymes 182
5.2 Mathematical Models for Enzyme Kinetics, Modes of Operation, and Reactor Configurations under Mass-Transfer Limitations 183
Solved Problems 185
Supplementary Problems 198
6 Enzyme Reactor Design and Operation under Biocatalyst Inactivation 203
6.1 Mechanistically Based Mathematical Models of Enzyme Inactivation 203
6.2 Effect of Catalytic Modulators on Enzyme Inactivation 205
6.3 Mathematical Models for Different Enzyme Kinetics, Modes of Operation, and Reactor Configurations under Biocatalyst Inactivation 206
6.4 Mathematical Models for Enzyme Kinetics, Modes of Operation, and Reactor Configurations under Simultaneous Mass-Transfer Limitations and Enzyme Inactivation 212
6.5 Strategies for Reactor Operation under Biocatalyst Inactivation 213
Solved Problems 215
Supplementary Problems 233
References 240
7 Optimization of Enzyme Reactor Operation 243
7.1 Strategy for the Optimization of Enzyme Reactor Performance 244
7.2 Mathematical Programming for Static Optimization 247
7.3 Dynamic Programming 248
7.4 Statistical Optimization by Surface Response Methodology 249
Solved Problems 254
Supplementary Problems 272
References 275
Appendix A Mathematical Methods 277
A.1. Newton's Method 277
A.2. Curve Fitting by Least Squares 280
A.3. Solving Ordinary Differential Equations 296
A.4. Numerical Methods for Solving Differential Equations 302
References 310
Index 311
