Welding Metallurgy
3. Auflage November 2020
688 Seiten, Hardcover
Handbuch/Nachschlagewerk
Weitere Versionen
Discover the extraordinary progress that welding metallurgy has experienced over the last two decades
Welding Metallurgy, 3rd Edition is the only complete compendium of recent, and not-so-recent, developments in the science and practice of welding metallurgy. Written by Dr. Sindo Kou, this edition covers solid-state welding as well as fusion welding, which now also includes resistance spot welding. It restructures and expands sections on Fusion Zones and Heat-Affected Zones. The former now includes entirely new chapters on microsegregation, macrosegregation, ductility-dip cracking, and alloys resistant to creep, wear and corrosion, as well as a new section on ternary-alloy solidification. The latter now includes metallurgy of solid-state welding. Partially Melted Zones are expanded to include liquation and cracking in friction stir welding and resistance spot welding. New chapters on topics of high current interest are added, including additive manufacturing, dissimilar-metal joining, magnesium alloys, and high-entropy alloys and metal-matrix nanocomposites.
Dr. Kou provides the reader with hundreds of citations to papers and articles that will further enhance the reader's knowledge of this voluminous topic. Undergraduate students, graduate students, researchers and mechanical engineers will all benefit spectacularly from this comprehensive resource.
The new edition includes new theories/methods of Kou and coworkers regarding:
· Predicting the effect of filler metals on liquation cracking
· An index and analytical equations for predicting susceptibility to solidification cracking
· A test for susceptibility to solidification cracking and filler-metal effect
· Liquid-metal quenching during welding
· Mechanisms of resistance of stainless steels to solidification cracking and ductility-dip cracking
· Mechanisms of macrosegregation
· Mechanisms of spatter of aluminum and magnesium filler metals,
· Liquation and cracking in dissimilar-metal friction stir welding,
· Flow-induced deformation and oscillation of weld-pool surface and ripple formation
· Multicomponent/multiphase diffusion bondingDr. Kou's Welding Metallurgy has been used the world over as an indispensable resource for students, researchers, and engineers alike. This new Third Edition is no exception.
1. Welding Processes
1.1 Overview
1.2 Gas Welding
1.3 Arc Welding
1.4 High Energy Beam Welding
1.5 Resistance Spot Welding
1.6 Solid State Welding
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
2. Heat Flow
2.1 Heat Sources
2.2 Heat Flow in Fusion Welding
2.3 Effect of Fusion Welding Parameters
2.4 Weld Thermal Insulator
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
3. Fluid Flow
3.1 Fluid Flow in Arcs
3.2 Effect of Metal Vapor on Arcs
3.3 Arc Power- and Current-Density Distributions
3.4 Fluid Flow in Weld Pools
3.5 Flow Oscillation and Ripple Formation
3.6Active Flux GTAW
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
4. Mass Transfer
4.1 Convective Mass Transfer in Weld Pools
4.2 Evaporation of Volatile Solutes
4.3 Filler-Metal-Drop Explosion and Spatter
4.4 Spatter in GMAW of Magnesium
4.5 Diffusion Bonding
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
5. Chemical Reactions in Welding
5.1 Overview
5.2 Gas-Metal Reactions
5.3 Slag-Metal Reactions
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
6. Residual Stresses, Distortion and Fatigue
6.1 Residual Stresses
6.2 Distortion
6.3 Fatigue
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
Part II The Fusion Zone
7. Introduction to Solidification
7.1 Solute Redistribution during Solidification
7.2 Constitutional Supercooling
7.3 Solidification Modes
7.4 Microsegregation Caused by Solute Redistribution
7.5 Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing
7.6 Effect of Dendrite Tip Undercooling
7.7 Effect of Growth Rate
7.8 Solidification of Ternary Alloys
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
8. Solidification Modes
8.1 Solidification Modes of Weld Metal
8.2 Dendrite Spacing and Cell Spacing
8.3 Effect of Welding Parameters
8.4 Refining Microstructure within Grains
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
9. Nucleation and Growth of Grains
9.1 Epitaxial Growth at Fusion Line
9.2 Non-Epitaxial Growth at Fusion Line
9.3 Growth of Columnar Grains
9.4 Effect of Welding Parameters on Columnar Grains
9.5 Control of Columnar Grains
9.6 Nucleation Mechanisms of Equiaxed Grains
9.7 Grain Refining
9.8 Identifying Grain Refining Mechanisms
9.9 Grain-Boundary Migration
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
10. Microsegregation
10.1 Case III Solute Redistribution and Microsegregation
10.2 Effect of Travel Speed on Microsegregation
10.3 Effect of Primary Solidification Phase on Microsegregation
10.4 Effect of Maximum Solid Solubility on Microsegregation
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
11. Macrosegregation
11.1 Macrosegregation in Fusion Zone
11.2 Quick Freezing of One Liquid Metal in Another
11.3 Macrosegregation in Dissimilar-Filler Welds
11.4 Macrosegregation in Dissimilar-Metal Welds
11.5 Reduction of Macrosegregation
11.6 Macrosegregation in Multiple-Pass Welds
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
12. Some Alloy-Specific Microstructures and Properties
12.1 Austenitic Stainless Steels
12.2 Low-Carbon, Low-Alloy Steels
12.3 Ultralow Carbon Bainitic Steels
12.4 Creep Resistant Steels
12.5 Hardfacing of Steels
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
13. Solidification Cracking
13.1 Characteristics of Solidification Cracking
13.2 Theories of Solidification Cracking
13.3 Analytical Equations for Crack Susceptibility
13.4 Solidification Cracking Tests
13.5 Solidification Cracking of Stainless Steels
13.6 Factors Affecting Solidification Cracking
13.7 Reducing Solidification Cracking
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
14. Ductility-Dip Cracking
14.1 Characteristics of Ductility-Dip Cracking
14.2 Theories of Ductility-Dip Cracking
14.3 Test Methods
14.4 Ductility-Dip Cracking of Ni-Base Alloys
14.5 Ductility-Dip Cracking of Stainless Steels
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
Part III Partially Melted Zone
15. Liquation in Partially Melted Zone
15.1 Evidence of Liquation
15.2 Liquation Mechanisms
15.3 Solidification of Grain-Boundary Liquid
15.4 Grain-Boundary Segregation
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
16. Liquation Cracking
16.1 Liquation Cracking in Arc Welding
16.2 Liquation Cracking in Resistance Spot Welding
16.3 Liquation Cracking in Friction-Stir Welding
16.4 Liquation Cracking in Dissimilar-Metal Friction-Stir Welding
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
Part IV Heat-Affected-Zone
17. Introduction to Solid-State Transformations
17.1 Work-Hardened Materials
17.2 Heat-Treatable Al Alloys
17.3 Heat-Treatable Ni-base Alloys
17.4 Steels
17.5 Stainless Steels
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
18. Heat-Affected-Zone Degradation of Mechanical Properties
18.1 Grain Coarsening
18.2 Recrystallization and Grain Growth
18.3 Overaging in Al Alloys
18.4 Dissolution of Precipitates in Ni-Base Alloys
18.5 Martensite Tempering in Dual-Phase Steels
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
19. Heat-Affected-Zone Cracking
19.1 Hydrogen Cracking in Steels
19.2 Lamellar Tearing in Steels
19.3 Stress-Relief Cracking in Steels
19.4 Type-IV Cracking in Grade 91 Steel
19.5 Strain-Age Cracking in Ni-base Alloys
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
20. Heat-Affected-Zone Corrosion
20.1 Weld Decay of Stainless Steels
20.2 Weld Decay of Ni-base alloys
20.3 Knife-Line Attack of Stainless Steels
20.4 Sensitization of Ferritic Stainless Steels
20.5 Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Stainless Steels
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
Part V Special Topics
21. Additive Manufacturing
21.1 Heat and Fluid Flow
21.2 Residual Stress and Distortion
21.3 Lack of fusion and porosity
21.4 Grain Structure
21.5 Solidification Cracking
21.6 Liquation Cracking
21.7 Graded Transition Joints
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
22. Dissimilar-Metal Joining
22.1 Arc and Laser Joining
22.2 Resistance Spot Welding
22.2 Friction Stir Welding
22.3 Solid-State Welding
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
23. Welding of Magnesium Alloys
23.1 Spatter
23.2 Porosity
23.3 Internal Oxide Films
23.4 High Crowns
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
24. Welding of High-Entropy Alloys and Metal-Matrix Nanocomposites
24.1 High Entropy Alloys
24.2 Metal-matrix Nanocomposites
Examples
References
Further Reading
Problems
Index
He received the William Irrgang Memorial Award (2018), the Honorary Membership Award (2016), and the Comfort A. Adams Lecture Award (2012) from the American Welding Society (AWS); the Yoshiaki Arata Award (2017) from the International Institute of Welding (IIW); the Bruce Chalmers Award (2013) from The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS); the John Chipman Award (1980) from the Iron and Steel Society of AIME; and Chancellor's Award for Distinguished Teaching (1999) from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His technical papers won the Warren F. Savage Memorial Award (4 times), Charles H. Jennings Memorial Award (4 times), William Spraragen Award (3 times), A.F. Davis Silver Medal Award, and James F. Lincoln Gold Medal of AWS; and the Magnesium Technology Best Paper Award of TMS.
