Broadband Access
Wireline and Wireless - Alternatives for Internet Services
1. Auflage Mai 2014
446 Seiten, Hardcover
Wiley & Sons Ltd
Kurzbeschreibung
Presenting a comprehensive, all-in-one survey to broadband access technologies for triple play services, Broadband Access covers both the technology that is currently being deployed by network providers and the technology that has recently been or will soon be standardized for deployment in the next five years. The authors present the physical and medium access with emphasis on access transmission technology. The side-by-side comparison of the technologies allows competitive network providers and students to evaluate the alternatives. Each of the individual chapters/sections is a valuable teaching tool.
Written by experts in the field, this book provides an overview of all forms of broadband subscriber access networks and technology, including fiber optics, DSL for phone lines, DOCSIS for coax, power line carrier, and wireless. Each technology is described in depth, with a discussion of key concepts, historical development, and industry standards. The book contains comprehensive coverage of all broadband access technologies, with a section each devoted to fiber-based technologies, non-fiber wired technologies, and wireless technologies. The four co-authors' breadth of knowledge is featured in the chapters comparing the relative strengths, weaknesses, and prognosis for the competing technologies.
Key Features:
* Covers the physical and medium access layers (OSI Layer 1 and 2), with emphasis on access transmission technology
* Compares and contrasts all recent and emerging wired and wireless standards for broadband access in a single reference
* Illustrates the technology that is currently being deployed by network providers, and also the technology that has recently been or will soon be standardized for deployment in the coming years, including vectoring, wavelength division multiple access, CDMA, OFDMA, and MIMO
* Contains detailed discussion on the following standards: 10G-EPON, G-PON, XG-PON, VDSL2, DOCSIS 3.0, DOCSIS Protocol over EPON, power line carrier, IEEE 802.11 WLAN/WiFi, UMTS/HSPA, LTE, and LTE-Advanced
Acknowledgments xvii
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms xix
1 Introduction to Broadband Access Networks and Technologies 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 A Brief History of the Access Network 2
1.3 Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL) 3
1.4 Hybrid Fiber-Coaxial Cable (HFC) 5
1.5 Power Line Communications (PLC) 6
1.6 Fiber in the Loop (FITL) 7
1.7 Wireless Broadband Access 10
1.8 Direct Point-to-Point Connections 12
Appendix 1.A: Voiceband Modems 12
2 Introduction to Fiber Optic Broadband Access Networks and Technologies 15
2.1 Introduction 15
2.2 A Brief History of Fiber in the Loop (FITL) 16
2.3 Introduction to PON Systems 18
2.4 FITL Technology Considerations 21
2.5 Introduction to PON Network Protection 30
2.6 Conclusions 42
Appendix 2.A: Subscriber Power Considerations 43
References 43
Further Reading 43
3 IEEE Passive Optical Networks 45
3.1 Introduction 45
3.2 IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet-based PON (EPON) 45
3.3 IEEE 802.3av 10Gbit/s Ethernet-based PON (10G EPON) 54
3.4 Summary Comparison of EPON and 10G EPON 61
3.5 Transport of Timing and Synchronization over EPON and 10G EPON 61
3.6 Overview of the IEEE 1904.1 Service Interoperability in Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (SIEPON) 63
3.7 ITU-T G.9801 Ethernet Passive Optical Networks using OMCI 71
3.8 Conclusions 71
Appendix 3.A: 64B/66B Line Code 72
References 75
Further Readings 75
4 ITU-T/FSAN PON Protocols 77
4.1 Introduction 77
4.2 ITU-T G.983 Series B-PON (Broadband PON) 78
4.3 ITU-T G.984 Series G-PON (Gigabit-capable PON) 79
4.4 Next Generation PON (NG-PON) 101
Appendix 4.A: Summary Comparison of EPON and G-PON 112
References 113
Further Readings 114
5 Optical Domain PON Technologies 115
5.1 Introduction 115
5.2 WDMA (Wavelength Division Multiple Access) PON 115
5.3 CDMA PON 120
5.4 Point-to-Point Ethernet 122
5.5 Subcarrier Multiplexing and OFDM 123
5.6 Conclusions 125
References 126
Further Readings 126
6 Hybrid Fiber Access Technologies 127
6.1 Introduction and Background 127
6.2 Evolution of DOCSIS (Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specification) to Passive Optical Networks 127
6.3 Radio and Radio Frequency Signals over Fiber 135
6.4 IEEE 802.3bn Ethernet Protocol over Coaxial Cable (EPoC) 140
6.5 Conclusions 140
References 141
Further Readings 141
7 DSL Technology - Broadband via Telephone Lines 143
7.1 Introduction to DSL 143
7.2 DSL Compared to Other Access Technologies 144
7.3 DSL Overview 147
7.4 Transmission Channel and Impairments 156
7.5 DSL Transmission Techniques 170
References 174
Further Readings 174
8 The Family of DSL Technologies 175
8.1 ADSL 175
8.2 VDSL 179
8.3 Basic Rate Interface ISDN 184
8.4 HDSL, HDSL2, and HDLS4 185
8.5 SHDSL 185
8.6 G.fast (FTTC DSL) 187
Reference 188
9 Advanced DSL Techniques and Home Networking 189
9.1 Repeaters and Bonding 189
9.2 Dynamic Spectrum Management (DSM) 190
9.3 Vectored Transmission 190
9.4 Home Networking 195
References 195
Further Readings 195
10 DSL Standards 197
10.1 Spectrum Management - ANSI T1.417 197
10.2 G.hs - ITU-T Rec. G.994.1 199
10.3 PLOAM - ITU-T Rec. G.997.1 200
10.4 G.bond - ITU-T Recs. G.998.1, G.998.2, and G.998.3 201
10.5 G.test - ITU-T Rec. G.996.1 202
10.6 G.lt - ITU-T Rec. G.996.2 202
10.7 Broadband Forum DSL Testing Specifications 203
10.8 Broadband Forum TR-069 - Remote Management of CPE 204
References 205
11 The DOCSIS (Data-Over-Cable Service Interface Specification) Protocol 207
11.1 General Introduction 207
11.2 Introduction to MSO Networks 207
11.3 Background on Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC) Networks 208
11.4 Introduction to DOCSIS 210
11.5 DOCSIS Network Elements 210
11.6 Brief History of the DOCSIS Protocol Evolution 213
11.7 DOCSIS Physical Layer 216
11.8 Synchronization and Ranging 222
11.9 DOCSIS MAC Sub-Layer 226
11.10 CM Provisioning 239
11.11 Security 240
11.12 Introduction to Companion Protocols 242
11.13 Conclusions 243
References 243
Further Readings 243
12 Broadband in Gas Line (BIG) 245
12.1 Introduction to BIG 245
12.2 Proposed Technology 245
12.3 Potential Drawbacks for BIG 245
12.4 Broadband Sewage Line 247
Reference 247
13 Power Line Communications 249
13.1 Introduction 249
13.2 The Early Years 250
13.3 Narrowband PLC 251
13.4 Broadband PLC 253
13.5 Power Grid Topologies 257
13.6 Outdoor and In-Home Channel Characterization 261
13.7 Power Line Channel Modeling 269
13.8 The IEEE 1901 Broadband over Power Line Standard 273
13.9 PLC and the Smart Grid 277
13.10 Conclusions 283
References 284
Further Reading 285
14 Wireless Broadband Access: Air Interface Fundamentals 287
14.1 Introduction 287
14.2 Duplexing Techniques 287
14.3 Physical Layer Concepts 289
14.4 Access Technology Concepts 295
14.5 Cross-Layer Algorithms 300
14.6 Example Application: Satellite Broadband Access 303
14.7 Summary 303
Further Reading 304
15 WiFi: IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN 305
15.1 Introduction 305
15.2 Technology Basics 306
15.3 Technology Evolution 312
15.4 WLAN Network Architecture 318
15.5 TV White Space and 802.11 af 320
15.6 Summary 320
Further Readings 321
16 UMTS: W-CDMA and HSPA 323
16.1 Introduction 323
16.2 Technology Basics 324
16.3 UMTS Technology Evolution 338
16.4 CDMA2000 350
16.5 Summary 351
Further Readings 352
17 Fourth Generation Systems: LTE and LTE-Advanced 353
17.1 Introduction 353
17.2 Release 8: The Basics of LTE 355
17.3 Release 9: eMBMS and SON 383
17.4 Release 10: LTE-Advanced 386
17.5 Future of LTE-Advanced: Release 11 and Beyond 395
17.6 IEEE 802.16 and WiMAX Systems 399
17.7 Summary 400
Further Readings 402
18 Conclusions Regarding Broadband Access Networks and Technologies 403
Index 407
