Harnessing Green IT
Principles and Practices
Wiley - IEEE
1. Auflage Oktober 2012
432 Seiten, Hardcover
Wiley & Sons Ltd
Kurzbeschreibung
This book explores the principles and practices of making computing and information systems environmentally sustainable. It reviews key aspects of green IT, including green technologies, design, standards, maturity models, strategies and adoption. It then presents approaches to greening IT, including green use, green disposal, green design, and green manufacturing. Written by industry and academic experts in specific areas of green IT, Harnessing Green IT is an eye-opening guide for IT professionals, researchers, and managers, and anyone interested in green IT and its role in enhancing our environment.
"Ultimately, this is a remarkable book, a practical testimonial, and a comprehensive bibliography rolled into one. It is a single, bright sword cut across the various murky green IT topics. And if my mistakes and lessons learned through the green IT journey are any indication, this book will be used every day by folks interested in greening IT."
-- Simon Y. Liu, Ph.D. & Ed.D., Editor-in-Chief, IT Professional Magazine, IEEE Computer Society, Director, U.S. National Agricultural Library
This book presents a holistic perspective on Green IT by discussing its various facets and showing how to strategically embrace it
Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices examines various ways of making computing and information systems greener - environmentally sustainable -, as well as several means of using Information Technology (IT) as a tool and an enabler to improve the environmental sustainability. The book focuses on both greening of IT and greening by IT - complimentary approaches to attaining environmental sustainability. In a single volume, it comprehensively covers several key aspects of Green IT - green technologies, design, standards, maturity models, strategies and adoption -, and presents a clear approach to greening IT encompassing green use, green disposal, green design, and green manufacturing. It also illustrates how to strategically apply green IT in practice in several areas.
Key Features:
* Presents a comprehensive coverage of key topics of importance and practical relevance - green technologies, design, standards, maturity models, strategies and adoption
* Highlights several useful approaches to embracing green IT in several areas
* Features chapters written by accomplished experts from industry and academia who have first-hand knowledge and expertise in specific areas of green IT
* Presents a set of review and discussion questions for each chapter that will help the readers to examine and explore the green IT domain further
* Includes a companion website providing resources for further information and presentation slides
This book will be an invaluable resource for IT Professionals, academics, students, researchers, project leaders/managers, IT business executives, CIOs, CTOs and anyone interested in Green IT and harnessing it to enhance our environment.
About the Authors xxi
Foreword xxix
Preface xxxi
Acknowledgements xxxv
1 Green IT: An Overview 1
San Murugesan and G.R. Gangadharan
Key Points 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Environmental Concerns and Sustainable Development 2
1.3 Environmental Impacts of IT 4
1.4 Green IT 5
1.5 Holistic Approach to Greening IT 7
1.6 Greening IT 10
1.7 Applying IT for Enhancing Environmental Sustainability 14
1.8 Green IT Standards and Eco-Labelling of IT 15
1.9 Enterprise Green IT Strategy 15
1.10 Green IT: Burden or Opportunity? 17
1.11 Conclusion 18
Review Questions 19
Discussion Questions 19
References 19
Further Reading and Useful Web Sites 20
2 Green Devices and Hardware 23
Ashok Pon Kumar and Sateesh S. Kannegala
Key Points 23
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 Life Cycle of a Device or Hardware 24
2.3 Reuse, Recycle and Dispose 34
2.4 Conclusions 36
Review Questions 37
Discussion Questions 37
References 37
3 Green Software 39
Bob Steigerwald and Abhishek Agrawal
Key Points 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.2 Energy-Saving Software Techniques 41
3.3 Evaluating and Measuring Software Impact to Platform Power 55
3.4 Summary 59
Acknowledgements 60
Review Questions 61
Discussion Questions 61
References 61
Further Reading 62
4 Sustainable Software Development 63
Felipe Albertao
Key Points 63
4.1 Introduction 63
4.2 Current Practices 64
4.3 Sustainable Software 65
4.4 Software Sustainability Attributes 66
4.5 Software Sustainability Metrics 68
4.6 Sustainable Software Methodology 73
4.7 Defining Actions 77
4.8 Case Study 78
4.9 Conclusions 82
Review Questions 82
Discussion Questions 82
References 83
5 Green Data Centres 85
Charles G. Sheridan, Keith A. Ellis, Enrique G. Castro-Leon and Christopher P. Fowler
Key Points 85
5.1 Data Centres and Associated Energy Challenges 85
5.2 Data Centre IT Infrastructure 87
5.3 Data Centre Facility Infrastructure: Implications for Energy Efficiency 92
5.4 IT Infrastructure Management 98
5.5 Green Data Centre Metrics 106
5.6 Data Centre Management Strategies: A Case Study 108
5.7 Conclusions 110
Review Questions 111
Discussion Questions 111
References 111
Further Reading and Useful Web Sites 112
6 Green Data Storage 113
Pin Zhou and Nagapramod Mandagere
Key Points 113
6.1 Introduction 113
6.2 Storage Media Power Characteristics 115
6.3 Energy Management Techniques for Hard Disks 118
6.4 System-Level Energy Management 119
6.5 Summary and Research Areas 124
Review Questions 124
Discussion Questions 124
References 124
7 Green Networks and Communications 127
Cathryn Peoples, Gerard Parr, Sally McClean and Philip Morrow
Key Points 127
7.1 Introduction 127
7.2 Objectives of Green Network Protocols 132
7.3 Green Network Protocols and Standards 140
7.4 Conclusions 145
Acknowledgements 145
Review Questions 145
Discussion Questions 146
References 146
Further Reading and Useful Web Sites 148
8 Enterprise Green IT Strategy 149
Bhuvan Unhelkar
Key Points 149
8.1 Introduction 149
8.2 Approaching Green IT Strategies 151
8.3 Business Drivers of Green IT Strategy 153
8.4 Business Dimensions for Green IT Transformation 156
8.5 Organizational Considerations in a Green IT Strategy 160
8.6 Steps in Developing a Green IT Strategy 161
8.7 Metrics and Measurements in Green Strategies 163
8.8 Conclusions 164
Review Questions 164
Discussion Questions 164
References 164
9 Sustainable Information Systems and Green Metrics 167
Edward Curry and Brian Donnellan
Key Points 167
9.1 Introduction 167
9.2 Multilevel Sustainable Information 168
9.3 Sustainability Hierarchy Models 170
9.4 Product Level Information 173
9.5 Individual Level Information 174
9.6 Functional Level Information 176
9.7 Organizational Level Information 178
9.8 Regional/City Level Information 181
9.9 Measuring the Maturity of Sustainable ICT 182
9.10 Conclusions 189
Appendix: Sustainability Tools and Standards 190
Acknowledgements 195
Review Questions 195
Discussion Questions 196
References 196
Further Reading and Useful Web Sites 197
Tools and Carbon Calculators 198
10 Enterprise Green IT Readiness 199
Alemayehu Molla and Vanessa Cooper
Key Points 199
10.1 Introduction 199
10.2 Background: Readiness and Capability 201
10.3 Development of the G-Readiness Framework 202
10.4 Measuring an Organization's G-Readiness 206
10.5 Conclusions 207
Review Questions 208
Discussion Questions 209
References 209
11 Sustainable IT Services: Creating a Framework for Service Innovation 211
Robert R. Harmon and Haluk Demirkan
Key Points 211
11.1 Introduction 211
11.2 Factors Driving the Development of Sustainable IT 213
11.3 Sustainable IT Services (SITS) 219
11.4 SITS Strategic Framework 224
11.5 Sustainable IT Roadmap 229
11.6 SITS Leadership and Best Practices 233
11.7 Conclusions 237
11.8 Summary 237
Review Questions 238
Discussion Questions 238
References 238
Useful Web Sites 242
12 Green Enterprises and the Role of IT 243
Joseph Sarkis
Key Points 243
12.1 Introduction 243
12.2 Organizational and Enterprise Greening 244
12.3 Information Systems in Greening Enterprises 248
12.4 Greening the Enterprise: IT Usage and Hardware 255
12.5 Inter-organizational Enterprise Activities and Green Issues 256
12.6 Enablers and Making the Case for IT and the Green Enterprise 261
12.7 Conclusions 262
Review Questions 262
Discussion Questions 262
References 263
13 Environmentally Aware Business Process Improvement in the Enterprise Context 265
Konstantin Hoesch-Klohe and Aditya Ghose
Key Points 265
13.1 Introduction 265
13.2 Identifying the Environmental Impact of an Activity or Process 266
13.3 A Decision Support Tool for Environmentally Aware Business Process Improvement 268
13.4 Process Improvement in the Enterprise Context 270
13.5 Impact and Change Propagation Analysis 272
13.6 Trade-Off Analysis 275
13.7 An Example 276
13.8 Conclusions 280
Review Questions 280
Discussion Questions 280
References 280
14 Managing Green IT 283
Linda R. Wilbanks
Key Points 283
14.1 Introduction 283
14.2 Strategizing Green Initiatives 284
14.3 Implementation of Green IT 288
14.4 Information Assurance 292
14.5 Communication and Social Media 294
14.6 Case Study 295
14.7 Summary 296
Review Questions 296
Discussion Questions 296
References 296
15 Regulating Green IT: Laws, Standards and Protocols 297
Tom Butler
Key Points 297
15.1 Introduction 297
15.2 The Regulatory Environment and IT Manufacturers 299
15.3 Nonregulatory Government Initiatives 303
15.4 Industry Associations and Standards Bodies 305
15.5 Green Building Standards 306
15.6 Green Data Centres 306
15.7 Social Movements and Greenpeace 308
15.8 Conclusions 311
Review Questions 312
Discussion Questions 313
References 313
Further Reading 314
16 Green Cloud Computing and Environmental Sustainability 315
Saurabh Kumar Garg and Rajkumar Buyya
Key Points 315
16.1 Introduction 315
16.2 What is Cloud Computing? 318
16.3 Cloud Computing and Energy Usage Model: A Typical Example 322
16.4 Features of Clouds Enabling Green Computing 325
16.5 Towards Energy Efficiency of Cloud Computing 327
16.6 Green Cloud Architecture 332
16.7 Case Study: IaaS Provider 334
16.8 Conclusions and Future Directions 336
Acknowledgements 337
Review Questions 337
Discussion Questions 337
References 337
17 Harnessing Semantic Web Technologies for the Environmental Sustainability of Production Systems 341
Chris Davis, Igor Nikolic and Gerard Dijkema
Key Points 341
17.1 Introduction 341
17.2 Information Management for Environmental Sustainability 344
17.3 Ecosystem of Software Tools 346
17.4 Examples of Managing Data 353
17.5 Challenges and Guiding Principles 358
17.6 Conclusions 360
Review Questions 361
Discussion Questions 361
References 361
Further Reading and Useful Web Sites 363
18 Green IT: An Outlook 365
San Murugesan and G.R. Gangadharan
Key Points 365
18.1 Introduction 365
18.2 Awareness to Implementation 366
18.3 Greening by IT 368
18.4 Green IT: A Megatrend? 373
18.5 A Seven-Step Approach to Creating Green IT Strategy 375
18.6 Research and Development Directions 376
18.7 Prospects 377
Review Questions 378
Discussion Questions 378
References 378
Glossary 381
Index 389
San Murugesan is Adjunct Professor in the School of Computing and Mathematics at the University of Western Sydney, Australia; and an independent IT, Research and education consultant. He is Director of the consulting firm BRITE Professional Services. He holds PhD; MTech and BE (Hons) degrees.
Dr. G.R. Gangadharan, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
G.R. Gangadharan is working as a Researcher in Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy. Prior to joining in PoliMi, he worked as a researcher at Novay (Telematica Institute), Enschede, Netherlands from June 2008 to February 2010. His research interests are mainly located on the interface between technological and business perspectives. He has received Ph.D. degree in Information and Communication Technology (2008) from the University of Trento, Trento, Italy and European University Association.
