Semiconductor Nanomaterials

PART I: Imaging and Diagnostics

QUANTUM DOTS FOR CANCER IMAGING
Introduction
Cancer
Quantum Dots: Physics and Chemistry
In Vitro Screening and Detection of Cancer Biomarkers Using Microarrays
Quantum Dot Cytotoxicity and Potential Safety Concerns
Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives
QUANTUM DOTS FOR TARGETED TUMOR IMAGING
Introducton
Types of Quantum Dots (QDs)
Surface Modifications of QDs for Bioapplications
Methods of Delivering QDs into Tumors
Recent Advances in QDs Technology
Conclusion and Perspectives
MULTIPLEXED BIOIMAGING USING QUANTUM DOTS
Introduction
The Need for Novel Multiplex Imaging Systems
Quantum Dots
Bioimaging Applications of Quantum Dots
Translation to Clinical Biomarker Measurement
Summary and Future Perspectives
MULTIPLEXED DETECTION USING QUANTUM DOTS
Introduction
In Vitro Multiplexed Analysis Using QDs
Multiplexed Imaging Using QDs
Summary

PART II: Therapy

MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF QUANTUM DOT-BASED PROTEIN MICRO- AND NANOARRAYS
Introduction
Protein Arrays
From Microarrays to Nanoarrays: Why Nanoarrays?
Functionalization of QDs for Attachment to Proteins or Other Biomolecules
Fabrication of Protein Biochips
QDs Probes in Clinical Applications
QDs-Labeled Protein Nanoarrays
Summary and Future Perspectives
IMAGING AND TRACKING OF VIRUSES USING QUANTUM DOTS
Introduction
Quantum Dot-Biomolecule Hybrids
Quantum Dots for Single Virus Tracking in Living Cells
Quantum Dots for the Sensitive Detection of Virus and Infection
Conclusions
NANOMATERIALS FOR RADIATION THERAPY
Introduction
A Brief Introduction to Radiation Therapy, and its Limitations
Physical Radiosensitizers
Radiation Therapy in Combination with Photodynamic Therapy Using Semiconductor Nanoparticles as the Energy Mediator
Nanobrachytherapy
Nanoparticles as Radioprotectors
Radiation Dosimeters Using Semiconductor Nanomaterials
Conclusions
PROSPECTS OF SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS FOR IMAGING AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY OF CANCER
Introduction
Basic Principles and Challenges in PDT
Advantages of Quantum Dots for PDT
Synthesis of Quantum Dots
Optical Properties of Quantum Dots
Preparation of Biocompatible Quantum Dots
Nontargeted Intracellular Delivery QDs
Targeting Cancer Cells with QDs
Quantum Dots for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer
Toxicity of QDs
Conclusions

PART III: Synthesis, Characterization, and Toxicology

TYPE-I AND TYPE-II CORE-SHELL QUANTUM DOTS: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION
Introduction
Core-Shell UV-Vis Nanoparticulate Materials
Characterization of Nanoheterostructures
Core-Shell Infrared Nanoparticulate Materials
Type I Core-Shell Infrared Structures
Type II Core-Shell Infrared Structures
Summary and Conclusions
NANOWIRE QUANTUM DOTS
Introduction
Quantum Dots
Growth of Quantum Dots, Nanowires and Nanowire Heterostructures
Applications for Nanowires and Nanowire Quantum Dots
Conclusions
QUANTUM DOT-CORE SILICA GLASS-SHELL NANOMATERIALS: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND POTENTIAL BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Historical Overview
Incorporation of Quantum Dots in Glass Beads for Bioapplications
Preparation of Cadmium-Free Quantum Dots With Water Dispersibility
Summary and Future Perspective
TOXICOLOGY AND BIOSAFETY EVALUATIONS OF QUANTUM DOTS
Introduction
The Physico-Chemical Properties of Quantum Dots
Toxicity and Role of Oxidative Stress
ADME and Biosafety Evaluation
The Mitochondrion as a Prime Target for QD Toxicity
Environmental and Ecological Concerns
Concluding Comments and Future Perspectives