Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics

List of Contributors xvii

Preface xxiii

1. Introduction 1
Richard B. Weiskopf

References 5

Part I. Oxygen: Chemistry, Biochemistry, Physiology and Toxicity 9

2. Hemoglobin Reactivity and Regulation 11
Stefano Bettati and Andrea Mozzarelli

Natural and Engineered Hbs 17

Acknowledgments 19

References 19

3. The Major Physiological Control Mechanisms of Blood Flow and Oxygen Delivery 23
Raymond C. Koehler

References 39

4. The Main Players: Hemoglobin and Myoglobin; Nitric Oxide and Oxygen 47
Tim J. McMahon and Joseph Bonaventura

Acknowledgments 58

References 59

5. The Role of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury 63
Ester Spagnolli and Warren M. Zapol

Acknowledgments 72

References 72

Part II. Medical Needs for Oxygen Supply 79

6. Acute Traumatic Hemorrhage and Anemia 81
Lena M. Napolitano

References 97

7. Diagnosis and Treatment of Haemorrhages in 'Nonsurgical' Patients 107
Umberto Rossi and Rosa Chianese

Further Reading 118

8. Management of Perioperative Bleeding 121
Sibylle A. Kozek-Langenecker

References 127

9. Oxygenation in the Preterm Neonate 131
Vidheya Venkatesh, Priya Muthukumar, Anna Curley and Simon Stanworth

References 138

10. Ischemia 145
Hooman Mirzakhani and Ala Nozari

References 153

11. Normobaric and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Ischemic Stroke and Other Neurological Conditions 159
Ari Moskowitz, Yu-Feng Yvonne Chan and Aneesh B. Singhal

References 170

12. Transfusion Therapy in ² Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease 179
Carlo Brugnara and Lucia De Franceschi

References 186

Part III. "Old" and New Strategies for Oxygen Supply 193

13. Transfusion: Political, Administrative and Logistic Issues 195
John R. Hess and Giuliano Grazzini

Disclaimer 195

References 202

14. Conscientious Objection in Patient Blood Management 205
Kenneth E. Nollet and Hitoshi Ohto

Acknowledgements 209

References 210

15. Red-cell Transfusion in Clinical Practice 213
Harvey G. Klein

Disclaimer 218

References 218

16. Causes and Consequences of Red Cell Incompatibility 221
Chisa Yamada and Robertson Davenport

References 228

17. Biochemistry of Storage of Red Blood Cells 231
Ryan Stapley, Dario A. Vitturi and Rakesh P. Patel

Acknowledgements 238

References 238

18. Proteomic Investigations of Stored Red Blood Cells 243
Lello Zolla and Angelo D'Alessandro

References 252

19. Red Blood Cells from Stem Cells 257
Anna Rita Migliaccio, Carolyn Whitsett and Giovanni Migliaccio

References 268

20. The Universal Red Blood Cell 273
Luca Ronda and Serena Faggiano

References 280

21. Allosteric Effectors of Hemoglobin: Past, Present and Future 285
Martin K. Safo and Stefano Bruno

References 296

22. Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers: History, Limits, Brief Summary of the State of the Art, Including Clinical Trials 301
Jonathan S. Jahr, Arezou Sadighi, Linzy Doherty, Alvin Li and Hae Won Kim

References 314

23. Oxygen Delivery by Natural and Artificial Oxygen Carriers 317
Enrico Bucci

Acknowledgments 324

References 324

24. Crosslinked and Polymerized Hemoglobins as Potential Blood Substitutes 327
Kenneth W. Olsen and Eugene Tarasov

References 338

25. Engineering the Molecular Shape of PEG-Hemoglobin Adducts for Supraperfusion 345
Seetharama A. Acharya, Marcos Intaglietta, Amy G. Tsai, Kulal Ananda and Fantao Meng

Acknowledgments 366

References 367

26. Hb Octamers by Introduction of Surface Cysteines 371
V´eronique Baudin-Creuza, Chien Ho and Michael C. Marden

References 378

27. Hemoglobin Vesicles as a Cellular-type Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carrier 381
Hiromi Sakai, Hirohisa Horinouchi, Eishun Tsuchida and Koichi Kobayashi

Acknowledgments 387

References 387

28. Animal Models and Oxidative Biomarkers to Evaluate Preclinical Safety of Extracellular Hemoglobins 391
Paul W. Buehler and Felice D'Agnillo

Disclaimer 391

References 405

29. Academia-Industry Collaboration in Blood Substitute Development: Issues, Case Histories and a Proposal 413
Hae Won Kim, Andrea Mozzarelli, Hiromi Sakai and Jonathan S. Jahr

Appendix: Successful Academia-Industry Collaboration Cases in HBOC Development 422

Case A: Waseda-Keio-Industry Research Collaboration 422

Case B: EuroBloodSubstitutes Consortium 424

References 426

Index 429